Method and apparatus for downlink transmission using preconfigured downlink resource

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for downlink transmission using preconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system is provided. A wireless device transmits, to a network, a message to request downlink resource for downlink transmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern information for the downlink transmission. A wireless device receives, from the network, a configuration for the downlink resource. A wireless device receives the downlink transmission based on the downlink resource.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119 (a), this application claims the benefit ofearlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Patent ApplicationNos. 10-2019-0034415, filed on Mar. 26, 2019, 10-2019-0034450, filed onMar. 26, 2019, and 10-2019-0034417, filed on Mar. 26, 2019, the contentsof which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in theirentirety.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for downlinktransmission using preconfigured downlink resource in a wirelesscommunication system.

Related Art

3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) is atechnology for enabling high-speed packet communications. Many schemeshave been proposed for the LTE objective including those that aim toreduce user and provider costs, improve service quality, and expand andimprove coverage and system capacity. The 3GPP LTE requires reduced costper bit, increased service availability, flexible use of a frequencyband, a simple structure, an open interface, and adequate powerconsumption of a terminal as an upper-level requirement.

Work has started in international telecommunication union (ITU) and 3GPPto develop requirements and specifications for new radio (NR) systems.3GPP has to identify and develop the technology components needed forsuccessfully standardizing the new RAT timely satisfying both the urgentmarket needs, and the more long-term requirements set forth by the ITUradio communication sector (ITU-R) international mobiletelecommunications (IMT)-2020 process. Further, the NR should be able touse any spectrum band ranging at least up to 100 GHz that may be madeavailable for wireless communications even in a more distant future.

The NR targets a single technical framework addressing all usagescenarios, requirements and deployment scenarios including enhancedmobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type-communications (mMTC),ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc. The NR shallbe inherently forward compatible.

In Rel-13, narrowband internet-of-things (NB-IoT) and LTE formachine-type communication (LTE-M) were standardized to providewide-area connectivity for IoT. The technologies in Rel-14 evolvedbeyond the basic functionality specified in Rel-13. In Rel-15, tooptimize the support for infrequent small data packet transmissions.

For internet-of-things (TOT) user equipment (UE) such as MTC UE andNB-IOT, there are high requirements on the life of battery. Powerconsumption of wireless device is a key improvement indicator. In thelong term evolution (LTE) R-16, one technical requirement is to supportuplink transmission in RRC idle mode so that the wireless device couldsave the power used to enter RRC connected mode.

SUMMARY

Dedicated preconfigured uplink resource (D-PUR) in IDLE mode issupported for bandwidth-reduced low-complexity (BL) UEs or narrowbandinternet-of-things (NB-IoT) UEs. The objective of D-PUR is to improvetransmission efficiency and power consumption for resource configurationby pre-allocating UL resources for data transmission whose trafficpattern is predictable. D-PUR is designed for UL transmission.

Some of IoT applications require feedback on the UL data reporting. Inother words, the applications require DL transmission for the associatedUL transmission. Therefore, studies for preconfigured downlink resource(PDR) associated uplink transmissions would be required.

In an aspect, a method performed by a wireless device in a wirelesscommunication system is provided. A wireless device transmits, to anetwork, a message to request downlink resource for downlinktransmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern informationfor the downlink transmission. A wireless device receives, from thenetwork, a configuration for the downlink resource. A wireless devicereceives the downlink transmission based on the downlink resource.

In another aspect, a method performed by a base station in a wirelesscommunication system is provided. A base station receives, from awireless device, a message to request downlink resource for downlinktransmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern informationfor the downlink transmission. A base station transmits, to the wirelessdevice, a configuration for the downlink resource. A base stationperforms the downlink transmission based on the downlink resource.

The present disclosure can have various advantageous effects.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a wirelessdevice could receive downlink data using preconfigured downlink resourcein a wireless communication system.

For example, UE could reduce the effort to monitor the DL resource.

For example, UE can monitor DL resources only at the expected time andduration with periodicity.

For example, UE can save power consumption by using preconfigured DLresource.

Advantageous effects which can be obtained through specific embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited to the advantageous effectslisted above. For example, there may be a variety of technical effectsthat a person having ordinary skill in the related art can understandand/or derive from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the specificeffects of the present disclosure are not limited to those explicitlydescribed herein, but may include various effects that may be understoodor derived from the technical features of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 2 shows an example of wireless devices to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless device to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 4 shows another example of wireless devices to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 5 shows an example of UE to which implementations of the presentdisclosure is applied.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of protocol stacks in a 3GPP basedwireless communication system to which implementations of the presentdisclosure is applied.

FIG. 8 shows a frame structure in a 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 9 shows a data flow example in the 3GPP NR system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 10 shows an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation byPDCCH to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 11 shows an example of PUSCH time resource allocation by PDCCH towhich implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 12 shows an example of physical layer processing at a transmittingside to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 13 shows an example of physical layer processing at a receivingside to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The following techniques, apparatuses, and systems may be applied to avariety of wireless multiple access systems. Examples of the multipleaccess systems include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, afrequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time divisionmultiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multipleaccess (OFDMA) system, a single carrier frequency division multipleaccess (SC-FDMA) system, and a multicarrier frequency division multipleaccess (MC-FDMA) system. CDMA may be embodied through radio technologysuch as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA maybe embodied through radio technology such as global system for mobilecommunications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), or enhanceddata rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be embodied through radiotechnology such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers(IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or evolved UTRA(E-UTRA). UTRA is a part of a universal mobile telecommunications system(UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution(LTE) is a part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE employsOFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolvedversion of 3GPP LTE.

For convenience of description, implementations of the presentdisclosure are mainly described in regards to a 3GPP based wirelesscommunication system. However, the technical features of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the followingdetailed description is given based on a mobile communication systemcorresponding to a 3GPP based wireless communication system, aspects ofthe present disclosure that are not limited to 3GPP based wirelesscommunication system are applicable to other mobile communicationsystems.

For terms and technologies which are not specifically described amongthe terms of and technologies employed in the present disclosure, thewireless communication standard documents published before the presentdisclosure may be referenced.

In the present disclosure, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or“both A and B”. In other words, “A or B” in the present disclosure maybe interpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, “A, B or C” in the presentdisclosure may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination ofA, B and C”.

In the present disclosure, slash (/) or comma (,) may mean “and/or”. Forexample, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “onlyA”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, Bor C”.

In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”,“only B” or “both A and B”. In addition, the expression “at least one ofA or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” in the present disclosure may beinterpreted as same as “at least one of A and B”.

In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” maymean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B and C”.In addition, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/orC” may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.

Also, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean “for example”.In detail, when it is shown as “control information (PDCCH)”, “PDCCH”may be proposed as an example of “control information”. In other words,“control information” in the present disclosure is not limited to“PDCCH”, and “PDDCH” may be proposed as an example of “controlinformation”. In addition, even when shown as “control information(i.e., PDCCH)”, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “controlinformation”.

Technical features that are separately described in one drawing in thepresent disclosure may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

Although not limited thereto, various descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts of thepresent disclosure disclosed herein can be applied to various fieldsrequiring wireless communication and/or connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in more detailwith reference to drawings. The same reference numerals in the followingdrawings and/or descriptions may refer to the same and/or correspondinghardware blocks, software blocks, and/or functional blocks unlessotherwise indicated.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The 5G usage scenarios shown in FIG. 1 are only exemplary, and thetechnical features of the present disclosure can be applied to other 5Gusage scenarios which are not shown in FIG. 1.

Three main requirement categories for 5G include (1) a category ofenhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), (2) a category of massive machine typecommunication (mMTC), and (3) a category of ultra-reliable and lowlatency communications (URLLC).

Partial use cases may require a plurality of categories for optimizationand other use cases may focus only upon one key performance indicator(KPI). 5G supports such various use cases using a flexible and reliablemethod.

eMBB far surpasses basic mobile Internet access and covers abundantbidirectional work and media and entertainment applications in cloud andaugmented reality. Data is one of 5G core motive forces and, in a 5Gera, a dedicated voice service may not be provided for the first time.In 5G, it is expected that voice will be simply processed as anapplication program using data connection provided by a communicationsystem. Main causes for increased traffic volume are due to an increasein the size of content and an increase in the number of applicationsrequiring high data transmission rate. A streaming service (of audio andvideo), conversational video, and mobile Internet access will be morewidely used as more devices are connected to the Internet. These manyapplication programs require connectivity of an always turned-on statein order to push real-time information and alarm for users. Cloudstorage and applications are rapidly increasing in a mobilecommunication platform and may be applied to both work andentertainment. The cloud storage is a special use case which acceleratesgrowth of uplink data transmission rate. 5G is also used for remote workof cloud. When a tactile interface is used, 5G demands much lowerend-to-end latency to maintain user good experience. Entertainment, forexample, cloud gaming and video streaming, is another core element whichincreases demand for mobile broadband capability. Entertainment isessential for a smartphone and a tablet in any place including highmobility environments such as a train, a vehicle, and an airplane. Otheruse cases are augmented reality for entertainment and informationsearch. In this case, the augmented reality requires very low latencyand instantaneous data volume.

In addition, one of the most expected 5G use cases relates a functioncapable of smoothly connecting embedded sensors in all fields, i.e.,mMTC. It is expected that the number of potential Internet-of-things(IoT) devices will reach 204 hundred million up to the year of 2020. Anindustrial IoT is one of categories of performing a main role enabling asmart city, asset tracking, smart utility, agriculture, and securityinfrastructure through 5G.

URLLC includes a new service that will change industry through remotecontrol of main infrastructure and an ultra-reliable/availablelow-latency link such as a self-driving vehicle. A level of reliabilityand latency is essential to control a smart grid, automatize industry,achieve robotics, and control and adjust a drone.

5G is a means of providing streaming evaluated as a few hundred megabitsper second to gigabits per second and may complement fiber-to-the-home(FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS). Such fast speed is neededto deliver TV in resolution of 4K or more (6K, 8K, and more), as well asvirtual reality and augmented reality. Virtual reality (VR) andaugmented reality (AR) applications include almost immersive sportsgames. A specific application program may require a special networkconfiguration. For example, for VR games, gaming companies need toincorporate a core server into an edge network server of a networkoperator in order to minimize latency.

Automotive is expected to be a new important motivated force in 5Gtogether with many use cases for mobile communication for vehicles. Forexample, entertainment for passengers requires high simultaneouscapacity and mobile broadband with high mobility. This is because futureusers continue to expect connection of high quality regardless of theirlocations and speeds. Another use case of an automotive field is an ARdashboard. The AR dashboard causes a driver to identify an object in thedark in addition to an object seen from a front window and displays adistance from the object and a movement of the object by overlappinginformation talking to the driver. In the future, a wireless moduleenables communication between vehicles, information exchange between avehicle and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange betweena vehicle and other connected devices (e.g., devices accompanied by apedestrian). A safety system guides alternative courses of a behavior sothat a driver may drive more safely drive, thereby lowering the dangerof an accident. The next stage will be a remotely controlled orself-driven vehicle. This requires very high reliability and very fastcommunication between different self-driven vehicles and between avehicle and infrastructure. In the future, a self-driven vehicle willperform all driving activities and a driver will focus only uponabnormal traffic that the vehicle cannot identify. Technicalrequirements of a self-driven vehicle demand ultra-low latency andultra-high reliability so that traffic safety is increased to a levelthat cannot be achieved by human being.

A smart city and a smart home/building mentioned as a smart society willbe embedded in a high-density wireless sensor network. A distributednetwork of an intelligent sensor will identify conditions for costs andenergy-efficient maintenance of a city or a home. Similar configurationsmay be performed for respective households. All of temperature sensors,window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances arewirelessly connected. Many of these sensors are typically low in datatransmission rate, power, and cost. However, real-time HD video may bedemanded by a specific type of device to perform monitoring.

Consumption and distribution of energy including heat or gas isdistributed at a higher level so that automated control of thedistribution sensor network is demanded. The smart grid collectsinformation and connects the sensors to each other using digitalinformation and communication technology so as to act according to thecollected information. Since this information may include behaviors of asupply company and a consumer, the smart grid may improve distributionof fuels such as electricity by a method having efficiency, reliability,economic feasibility, production sustainability, and automation. Thesmart grid may also be regarded as another sensor network having lowlatency.

Mission critical application (e.g., e-health) is one of 5G usescenarios. A health part contains many application programs capable ofenjoying benefit of mobile communication. A communication system maysupport remote treatment that provides clinical treatment in a farawayplace. Remote treatment may aid in reducing a barrier against distanceand improve access to medical services that cannot be continuouslyavailable in a faraway rural area. Remote treatment is also used toperform important treatment and save lives in an emergency situation.The wireless sensor network based on mobile communication may provideremote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate andblood pressure.

Wireless and mobile communication gradually becomes important in thefield of an industrial application. Wiring is high in installation andmaintenance cost. Therefore, a possibility of replacing a cable withreconstructible wireless links is an attractive opportunity in manyindustrial fields. However, in order to achieve this replacement, it isnecessary for wireless connection to be established with latency,reliability, and capacity similar to those of the cable and managementof wireless connection needs to be simplified. Low latency and a verylow error probability are new requirements when connection to 5G isneeded.

Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobilecommunication that enables inventory and package tracking anywhere usinga location-based information system. The use cases of logistics andfreight typically demand low data rate but require location informationwith a wide range and reliability.

Referring to FIG. 1, the communication system 1 includes wirelessdevices 100 a to 100 f, base stations (BSs) 200, and a network 300.Although FIG. 1 illustrates a 5G network as an example of the network ofthe communication system 1, the implementations of the presentdisclosure are not limited to the 5G system, and can be applied to thefuture communication system beyond the 5G system.

The BSs 200 and the network 300 may be implemented as wireless devicesand a specific wireless device may operate as a BS/network node withrespect to other wireless devices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f represent devices performingcommunication using radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT(NR)) or LTE) and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices.The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may include, without being limitedto, a robot 100 a, vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2, an extended reality(XR) device 100 c, a hand-held device 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, anIoT device 100 f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device/server 400.For example, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wirelesscommunication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehiclecapable of performing communication between vehicles. The vehicles mayinclude an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR devicemay include an AR/VR/Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented inthe form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) mountedin a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device,a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Thehand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device(e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., anotebook). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and awashing machine. The IoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter.

In the present disclosure, the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may becalled user equipments (UEs). A UE may include, for example, a cellularphone, a smartphone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcast terminal, apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), anavigation system, a slate personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, anultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle having an autonomous traveling function,a connected car, an UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VRdevice, an MR device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTCdevice, an IoT device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or afinancial device), a security device, a weather/environment device, adevice related to a 5G service, or a device related to a fourthindustrial revolution field.

The UAV may be, for example, an aircraft aviated by a wireless controlsignal without a human being onboard.

The VR device may include, for example, a device for implementing anobject or a background of the virtual world. The AR device may include,for example, a device implemented by connecting an object or abackground of the virtual world to an object or a background of the realworld. The MR device may include, for example, a device implemented bymerging an object or a background of the virtual world into an object ora background of the real world. The hologram device may include, forexample, a device for implementing a stereoscopic image of 360 degreesby recording and reproducing stereoscopic information, using aninterference phenomenon of light generated when two laser lights calledholography meet.

The public safety device may include, for example, an image relay deviceor an image device that is wearable on the body of a user.

The MTC device and the IoT device may be, for example, devices that donot require direct human intervention or manipulation. For example, theMTC device and the IoT device may include smartmeters, vending machines,thermometers, smartbulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

The medical device may be, for example, a device used for the purpose ofdiagnosing, treating, relieving, curing, or preventing disease. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofdiagnosing, treating, relieving, or correcting injury or impairment. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofinspecting, replacing, or modifying a structure or a function. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofadjusting pregnancy. For example, the medical device may include adevice for treatment, a device for operation, a device for (in vitro)diagnosis, a hearing aid, or a device for procedure.

The security device may be, for example, a device installed to prevent adanger that may arise and to maintain safety. For example, the securitydevice may be a camera, a closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder, or ablack box.

The FinTech device may be, for example, a device capable of providing afinancial service such as mobile payment. For example, the FinTechdevice may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS) system.

The weather/environment device may include, for example, a device formonitoring or predicting a weather/environment.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR)network, and a beyond-5G network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to100 f may communicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300,the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication(e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing throughthe BSs 200/network 300. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)/vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f and/or betweenwireless device 100 a to 100 f and BS 200 and/or between BSs 200.Herein, the wireless communication/connections may be establishedthrough various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication150 a, sidelink communication (or device-to-device (D2D) communication)150 b, inter-base station communication 150 c (e.g., relay, integratedaccess and backhaul (IAB)), etc. The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f andthe BSs 200/the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may transmit/receiveradio signals to/from each other through the wirelesscommunication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c maytransmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end,at least a part of various configuration information configuringprocesses, various signal processing processes (e.g., channelencoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resourcemapping/de-mapping), and resource allocating processes, fortransmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on thevarious proposals of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows an example of wireless devices to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

Referring to FIG. 2, a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit/receive radio signals to/from an external devicethrough a variety of RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In FIG. 2, {the firstwireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspondto at least one of {the wireless device 100 a to 100 f and the BS 200},{the wireless device 100 a to 100 f and the wireless device 100 a to 100f} and/or {the BS 200 and the BS 200} of FIG. 1.

The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may beconfigured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts described in thepresent disclosure. For example, the processor(s) 102 may processinformation within the memory(s) 104 to generate firstinformation/signals and then transmit radio signals including the firstinformation/signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102may receive radio signals including second information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106 and then store information obtained by processingthe second information/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety ofinformation related to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example,the memory(s) 104 may store software code including commands forperforming a part or the entirety of processes controlled by theprocessor(s) 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts describedin the present disclosure. Herein, the processor(s) 102 and thememory(s) 104 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chipdesigned to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 maybe connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and/or receive radiosignals through one or more antennas 108. Each of the transceiver(s) 106may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 maybe interchangeably used with radio frequency (RF) unit(s). In thepresent disclosure, the first wireless device 100 may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one ormore transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s)202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and maybe configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts described in thepresent disclosure. For example, the processor(s) 202 may processinformation within the memory(s) 204 to generate thirdinformation/signals and then transmit radio signals including the thirdinformation/signals through the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202may receive radio signals including fourth information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106 and then store information obtained by processingthe fourth information/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety ofinformation related to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example,the memory(s) 204 may store software code including commands forperforming a part or the entirety of processes controlled by theprocessor(s) 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts describedin the present disclosure. Herein, the processor(s) 202 and thememory(s) 204 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chipdesigned to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 maybe connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and/or receive radiosignals through one or more antennas 208. Each of the transceiver(s) 206may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 maybe interchangeably used with RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, thesecond wireless device 200 may represent a communicationmodem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as physical (PHY)layer, media access control (MAC) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer,packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio resource control(RRC) layer, and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol dataunits (PDUs) and/or one or more service data unit (SDUs) according tothe descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. The one ormore processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information,data, or information according to the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedin the present disclosure. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure and providethe generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g.,baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 andacquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, orinformation according to the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreapplication specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digitalsignal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices(DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or morefield programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software and thefirmware or software may be configured to include the modules,procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure may beincluded in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the oneor more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in theform of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-onlymemories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), electrically erasableprogrammable read-only memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, to one ormore other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentionedin the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, from one ormore other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and206 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 andtransmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, orradio signals to one or more other devices. The one or more processors102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signalsfrom one or more other devices.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one ormore antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, through theone or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present disclosure, the one ormore antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality oflogical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radiosignals/channels, etc., from RF band signals into baseband signals inorder to process received user data, control information, radiosignals/channels, etc., using the one or more processors 102 and 202.The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the user data,control information, radio signals/channels, etc., processed using theone or more processors 102 and 202 from the base band signals into theRF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters. For example, thetransceivers 106 and 206 can up-convert OFDM baseband signals to acarrier frequency by their (analog) oscillators and/or filters under thecontrol of the processors 102 and 202 and transmit the up-converted OFDMsignals at the carrier frequency. The transceivers 106 and 206 mayreceive OFDM signals at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDMsignals into OFDM baseband signals by their (analog) oscillators and/orfilters under the control of the transceivers 102 and 202.

In the implementations of the present disclosure, a UE may operate as atransmitting device in uplink (UL) and as a receiving device in downlink(DL). In the implementations of the present disclosure, a BS may operateas a receiving device in UL and as a transmitting device in DL.Hereinafter, for convenience of description, it is mainly assumed thatthe first wireless device 100 acts as the UE, and the second wirelessdevice 200 acts as the BS. For example, the processor(s) 102 connectedto, mounted on or launched in the first wireless device 100 may beconfigured to perform the UE behavior according to an implementation ofthe present disclosure or control the transceiver(s) 106 to perform theUE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure.The processor(s) 202 connected to, mounted on or launched in the secondwireless device 200 may be configured to perform the BS behavioraccording to an implementation of the present disclosure or control thetransceiver(s) 206 to perform the BS behavior according to animplementation of the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, a BS is also referred to as a node B (NB), aneNode B (eNB), or a gNB.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless device to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to ause-case/service (refer to FIG. 1).

Referring to FIG. 3, wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to thewireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 2 and may be configured by variouselements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. For example, eachof the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional components140. The communication unit 110 may include a communication circuit 112and transceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 mayinclude the one or more processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 2 and/or the oneor more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 2. For example, the transceiver(s)114 may include the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 2and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 2. The control unit120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory130, and the additional components 140 and controls overall operation ofeach of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the control unit120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of each of the wirelessdevices 100 and 200 based on programs/code/commands/information storedin the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit theinformation stored in the memory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., othercommunication devices) via the communication unit 110 through awireless/wired interface or store, in the memory unit 130, informationreceived through the wireless/wired interface from the exterior (e.g.,other communication devices) via the communication unit 110. Theadditional components 140 may be variously configured according to typesof the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the additionalcomponents 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery,input/output (I/O) unit (e.g., audio I/O port, video I/O port), adriving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100a of FIG. 1), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 1), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 1), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 1), thehome appliance (100 e of FIG. 1), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 1), adigital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device,an MTC device, a medicine device, a FinTech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 1), the BSs (200 of FIG. 1), a network node,etc. The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be used in a mobile or fixedplace according to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 3, the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component,unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 mayfurther include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication controlprocessor, an application processor (AP), an electronic control unit(ECU), a graphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. Asanother example, the memory 130 may be configured by a RAM, a DRAM, aROM, a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or acombination thereof.

FIG. 4 shows another example of wireless devices to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

Referring to FIG. 4, wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to thewireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 2 and may be configured by variouselements, components, units/portions, and/or modules.

The first wireless device 100 may include at least one transceiver, suchas a transceiver 106, and at least one processing chip, such as aprocessing chip 101. The processing chip 101 may include at least oneprocessor, such a processor 102, and at least one memory, such as amemory 104. The memory 104 may be operably connectable to the processor102. The memory 104 may store various types of information and/orinstructions. The memory 104 may store a software code 105 whichimplements instructions that, when executed by the processor 102,perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methodsand/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Forexample, the software code 105 may implement instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedin the present disclosure. For example, the software code 105 maycontrol the processor 102 to perform one or more protocols. For example,the software code 105 may control the processor 102 may perform one ormore layers of the radio interface protocol.

The second wireless device 200 may include at least one transceiver,such as a transceiver 206, and at least one processing chip, such as aprocessing chip 201. The processing chip 201 may include at least oneprocessor, such a processor 202, and at least one memory, such as amemory 204. The memory 204 may be operably connectable to the processor202. The memory 204 may store various types of information and/orinstructions. The memory 204 may store a software code 205 whichimplements instructions that, when executed by the processor 202,perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methodsand/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Forexample, the software code 205 may implement instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedin the present disclosure. For example, the software code 205 maycontrol the processor 202 to perform one or more protocols. For example,the software code 205 may control the processor 202 may perform one ormore layers of the radio interface protocol.

FIG. 5 shows an example of UE to which implementations of the presentdisclosure is applied.

Referring to FIG. 5, a UE 100 may correspond to the first wirelessdevice 100 of FIG. 2 and/or the first wireless device 100 of FIG. 4.

A UE 100 includes a processor 102, a memory 104, a transceiver 106, oneor more antennas 108, a power management module 110, a battery 1112, adisplay 114, a keypad 116, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card118, a speaker 120, and a microphone 122.

The processor 102 may be configured to implement the descriptions,functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operationalflowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. The processor 102 may beconfigured to control one or more other components of the UE 100 toimplement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methodsand/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.Layers of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in theprocessor 102. The processor 102 may include ASIC, other chipset, logiccircuit and/or data processing device. The processor 102 may be anapplication processor. The processor 102 may include at least one of adigital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), agraphics processing unit (GPU), a modem (modulator and demodulator). Anexample of the processor 102 may be found in SNAPDRAGON′ series ofprocessors made by Qualcomm®, EXYNOS™ series of processors made bySamsung®, A series of processors made by Apple®, HELIO™ series ofprocessors made by MediaTek®, ATOM™ series of processors made by Intel®or a corresponding next generation processor.

The memory 104 is operatively coupled with the processor 102 and storesa variety of information to operate the processor 102. The memory 104may include ROM, RAM, flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/orother storage device. When the embodiments are implemented in software,the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g.,procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedin the present disclosure. The modules can be stored in the memory 104and executed by the processor 102. The memory 104 can be implementedwithin the processor 102 or external to the processor 102 in which casethose can be communicatively coupled to the processor 102 via variousmeans as is known in the art.

The transceiver 106 is operatively coupled with the processor 102, andtransmits and/or receives a radio signal. The transceiver 106 includes atransmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 106 may include basebandcircuitry to process radio frequency signals. The transceiver 106controls the one or more antennas 108 to transmit and/or receive a radiosignal.

The power management module 110 manages power for the processor 102and/or the transceiver 106. The battery 112 supplies power to the powermanagement module 110. The display 114 outputs results processed by theprocessor 102. The keypad 116 receives inputs to be used by theprocessor 102. The keypad 16 may be shown on the display 114.

The SIM card 118 is an integrated circuit that is intended to securelystore the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and itsrelated key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers onmobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). It isalso possible to store contact information on many SIM cards.

The speaker 120 outputs sound-related results processed by the processor102. The microphone 122 receives sound-related inputs to be used by theprocessor 102.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for public warning system on unlicensedfrequency in a wireless communication system, according to someembodiments of the present disclosure, will be described.

Referring to FIG. 5, a wireless device 100 may include a processor 102,a memory 104, and a transceiver 106.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor102 may be configured to be coupled operably with the memory 104 and thetransceiver 106. The processor 102 may be configured to camp on a cellon a specific unlicensed frequency. The processor 102 may be configuredto control the transceiver 106 to receive a PWS notification from thecell. The processor 102 may be configured to prioritize at least onelicensed frequency over unlicensed frequencies including the specificunlicensed frequency.

Hereinafter, a processor for a wireless device for public warning systemon unlicensed frequency in a wireless communication system, according tosome embodiments of the present disclosure, will be described.

The processor may be configured to control the wireless device to campon a cell on a specific unlicensed frequency. The processor may beconfigured to control the wireless device to receive a PWS notificationfrom the cell. The processor may be configured to control the wirelessdevice to prioritize at least one licensed frequency over unlicensedfrequencies including the specific unlicensed frequency.

Hereinafter, a non-transitory computer-readable medium has storedthereon a plurality of instructions for public warning system onunlicensed frequency in a wireless communication system, according tosome embodiments of the present disclosure, will be described.

According to some embodiment of the present disclosure, the technicalfeatures of the present disclosure could be embodied directly inhardware, in a software executed by a processor, or in a combination ofthe two. For example, a method performed by a wireless device in awireless communication may be implemented in hardware, software,firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, a software may residein RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory,registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other storagemedium.

Some example of storage medium is coupled to the processor such that theprocessor can read information from the storage medium. In thealternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. Theprocessor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. For otherexample, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discretecomponents.

The computer-readable medium may include a tangible and non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium.

For example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include randomaccess memory (RAM) such as synchronous dynamic random access memory(SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory(NVRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM),FLASH memory, magnetic or optical data storage media, or any othermedium that can be used to store instructions or data structures.Non-transitory computer-readable media may also include combinations ofthe above.

In addition, the method described herein may be realized at least inpart by a computer-readable communication medium that carries orcommunicates code in the form of instructions or data structures andthat can be accessed, read, and/or executed by a computer.

According to some embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium has stored thereon a plurality of instructions.The stored a plurality of instructions may be executed by a processor ofa wireless device. The stored a plurality of instructions may cause thewireless device to camp on a cell on a specific unlicensed frequency.The stored a plurality of instructions may cause the wireless device toreceive a PWS notification from the cell. The stored a plurality ofinstructions may cause the wireless device to prioritize at least onelicensed frequency over unlicensed frequencies including the specificunlicensed frequency.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of protocol stacks in a 3GPP basedwireless communication system to which implementations of the presentdisclosure is applied.

In particular, FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a radio interface userplane protocol stack between a UE and a BS and FIG. 7 illustrates anexample of a radio interface control plane protocol stack between a UEand a BS. The control plane refers to a path through which controlmessages used to manage call by a UE and a network are transported. Theuser plane refers to a path through which data generated in anapplication layer, for example, voice data or Internet packet data aretransported. Referring to FIG. 6, the user plane protocol stack may bedivided into Layer 1 (i.e., a PHY layer) and Layer 2. Referring to FIG.7, the control plane protocol stack may be divided into Layer 1 (i.e., aPHY layer), Layer 2, Layer 3 (e.g., an RRC layer), and anon-accessstratum (NAS) layer. Layer 1, Layer 2 and Layer 3 are referred to as anaccess stratum (AS).

In the 3GPP LTE system, the Layer 2 is split into the followingsublayers: MAC, RLC, and PDCP. In the 3GPP NR system, the Layer 2 issplit into the following sublayers: MAC, RLC, PDCP and SDAP. The PHYlayer offers to the MAC sublayer transport channels, the MAC sublayeroffers to the RLC sublayer logical channels, the RLC sublayer offers tothe PDCP sublayer RLC channels, the PDCP sublayer offers to the SDAPsublayer radio bearers. The SDAP sublayer offers to 5G core networkquality of service (QoS) flows.

In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the MACsublayer include: mapping between logical channels and transportchannels; multiplexing/de-multiplexing of MAC SDUs belonging to one ordifferent logical channels into/from transport blocks (TB) deliveredto/from the physical layer on transport channels; scheduling informationreporting; error correction through hybrid automatic repeat request(HARQ) (one HARQ entity per cell in case of carrier aggregation (CA));priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling; priorityhandling between logical channels of one UE by means of logical channelprioritization; padding. A single MAC entity may support multiplenumerologies, transmission timings and cells. Mapping restrictions inlogical channel prioritization control which numerology(ies), cell(s),and transmission timing(s) a logical channel can use.

Different kinds of data transfer services are offered by MAC. Toaccommodate different kinds of data transfer services, multiple types oflogical channels are defined, i.e., each supporting transfer of aparticular type of information. Each logical channel type is defined bywhat type of information is transferred. Logical channels are classifiedinto two groups: control channels and traffic channels. Control channelsare used for the transfer of control plane information only, and trafficchannels are used for the transfer of user plane information only.Broadcast control channel (BCCH) is a downlink logical channel forbroadcasting system control information, paging control channel (PCCH)is a downlink logical channel that transfers paging information, systeminformation change notifications and indications of ongoing publicwarning service (PWS) broadcasts, common control channel (CCCH) is alogical channel for transmitting control information between UEs andnetwork and used for UEs having no RRC connection with the network, anddedicated control channel (DCCH) is a point-to-point bi-directionallogical channel that transmits dedicated control information between aUE and the network and used by UEs having an RRC connection. Dedicatedtraffic channel (DTCH) is a point-to-point logical channel, dedicated toone UE, for the transfer of user information. A DTCH can exist in bothuplink and downlink. In downlink, the following connections betweenlogical channels and transport channels exist: BCCH can be mapped tobroadcast channel (BCH); BCCH can be mapped to downlink shared channel(DL-SCH); PCCH can be mapped to paging channel (PCH); CCCH can be mappedto DL-SCH; DCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH; and DTCH can be mapped toDL-SCH. In uplink, the following connections between logical channelsand transport channels exist: CCCH can be mapped to uplink sharedchannel (UL-SCH); DCCH can be mapped to UL-SCH; and DTCH can be mappedto UL-SCH.

The RLC sublayer supports three transmission modes: transparent mode(TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged node (AM). The RLCconfiguration is per logical channel with no dependency on numerologiesand/or transmission durations. In the 3GPP NR system, the main servicesand functions of the RLC sublayer depend on the transmission mode andinclude: transfer of upper layer PDUs; sequence numbering independent ofthe one in PDCP (UM and AM); error correction through ARQ (AM only);segmentation (AM and UM) and re-segmentation (AM only) of RLC SDUs;reassembly of SDU (AM and UM); duplicate detection (AM only); RLC SDUdiscard (AM and UM); RLC re-establishment; protocol error detection (AMonly).

In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the PDCPsublayer for the user plane include: sequence numbering; headercompression and decompression using robust header compression (ROHC);transfer of user data; reordering and duplicate detection; in-orderdelivery; PDCP PDU routing (in case of split bearers); retransmission ofPDCP SDUs; ciphering, deciphering and integrity protection; PDCP SDUdiscard; PDCP re-establishment and data recovery for RLC AM; PDCP statusreporting for RLC AM; duplication of PDCP PDUs and duplicate discardindication to lower layers. The main services and functions of the PDCPsublayer for the control plane include: sequence numbering; ciphering,deciphering and integrity protection; transfer of control plane data;reordering and duplicate detection; in-order delivery; duplication ofPDCP PDUs and duplicate discard indication to lower layers.

In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of SDAP include:mapping between a QoS flow and a data radio bearer; marking QoS flow ID(QFI) in both DL and UL packets. A single protocol entity of SDAP isconfigured for each individual PDU session.

In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the RRCsublayer include: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS;paging initiated by 5GC or NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance andrelease of an RRC connection between the UE and NG-RAN; securityfunctions including key management; establishment, configuration,maintenance and release of signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radiobearers (DRBs); mobility functions (including: handover and contexttransfer, UE cell selection and reselection and control of cellselection and reselection, inter-RAT mobility); QoS managementfunctions; UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting;detection of and recovery from radio link failure; NAS message transferto/from NAS from/to UE.

FIG. 8 shows a frame structure in a 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The frame structure shown in FIG. 8 is purely exemplary and the numberof subframes, the number of slots, and/or the number of symbols in aframe may be variously changed. In the 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem, OFDM numerologies (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS), transmissiontime interval (TTI) duration) may be differently configured between aplurality of cells aggregated for one UE. For example, if a UE isconfigured with different SCSs for cells aggregated for the cell, an(absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., a subframe, a slot,or a TTI) including the same number of symbols may be different amongthe aggregated cells. Herein, symbols may include OFDM symbols (orCP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or discrete Fouriertransform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

Referring to FIG. 8, downlink and uplink transmissions are organizedinto frames. Each frame has T_(f)=10 ms duration. Each frame is dividedinto two half-frames, where each of the half-frames has 5 ms duration.Each half-frame consists of 5 subframes, where the duration T_(sf) persubframe is 1 ms. Each subframe is divided into slots and the number ofslots in a subframe depends on a subcarrier spacing. Each slot includes14 or 12 OFDM symbols based on a cyclic prefix (CP). In a normal CP,each slot includes 14 OFDM symbols and, in an extended CP, each slotincludes 12 OFDM symbols. The numerology is based on exponentiallyscalable subcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

Table 1 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot N^(slot) _(symb), thenumber of slots per frame N^(frame,u) _(slot), and the number of slotsper subframe N^(subframe,u) _(slot) for the normal CP, according to thesubcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

TABLE 1 u N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame,u) _(slot) N^(subframe,u) _(slot) 014 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16

Table 2 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot N^(slot) _(symb), thenumber of slots per frame N^(frame,u) _(slot), and the number of slotsper subframe N^(subframe,u) _(slot) for the extended CP, according tothe subcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

TABLE 2 u N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame,u) _(slot) N^(subframe,u) _(slot) 212 40 4

A slot includes plural symbols (e.g., 14 or 12 symbols) in the timedomain. For each numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing) and carrier, aresource grid of N^(size,u) _(grid,x)*N^(RB) _(sc) subcarriers andN^(subframe,u) _(symb) OFDM symbols is defined, starting at commonresource block (CRB) N^(start,u) _(grid) indicated by higher-layersignaling (e.g., RRC signaling), where N^(size,u) _(grid,x) is thenumber of resource blocks (RBs) in the resource grid and the subscript xis DL for downlink and UL for uplink. N^(RB) _(sc) is the number ofsubcarriers per RB. In the 3GPP based wireless communication system,N^(RB) _(sc) is 12 generally. There is one resource grid for a givenantenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and transmissiondirection (DL or UL). The carrier bandwidth N^(size,u) _(grid) forsubcarrier spacing configuration u is given by the higher-layerparameter (e.g., RRC parameter). Each element in the resource grid forthe antenna port p and the subcarrier spacing configuration u isreferred to as a resource element (RE) and one complex symbol may bemapped to each RE. Each RE in the resource grid is uniquely identifiedby an index kin the frequency domain and an index l representing asymbol location relative to a reference point in the time domain. In the3GPP based wireless communication system, an RB is defined by 12consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

In the 3GPP NR system, RBs are classified into CRBs and physicalresource blocks (PRBs). CRBs are numbered from 0 and upwards in thefrequency domain for subcarrier spacing configuration u. The center ofsubcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for subcarrier spacing configuration u coincideswith ‘point A’ which serves as a common reference point for resourceblock grids. In the 3GPP NR system, PRBs are defined within a bandwidthpart (BWP) and numbered from 0 to N^(size) _(BWP,i)−1, where i is thenumber of the bandwidth part. The relation between the physical resourceblock n_(PRB) in the bandwidth part i and the common resource blockn_(CRB) is as follows: n_(PRB)=n_(CRB)+N^(size) _(BWP,i), where N^(size)_(BWP,i) is the common resource block where bandwidth part startsrelative to CRB 0. The BWP includes a plurality of consecutive RBs. Acarrier may include a maximum of N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE may beconfigured with one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Only oneBWP among BWPs configured to the UE can active at a time. The active BWPdefines the UE's operating bandwidth within the cell's operatingbandwidth.

The NR frequency band may be defined as two types of frequency range,i.e., FR1 and FR2. The numerical value of the frequency range may bechanged. For example, the frequency ranges of the two types (FR1 andFR2) may be as shown in Table 3 below. For ease of explanation, in thefrequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean “sub 6 GHz range”,FR2 may mean “above 6 GHz range,” and may be referred to as millimeterwave (mmW).

TABLE 3 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency Subcarrier designationrange Spacing FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250 MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As mentioned above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NRsystem may be changed. For example, FR1 may include a frequency band of410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 may includea frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or more. Forexample, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) ormore included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. Unlicensed bandsmay be used for a variety of purposes, for example for communication forvehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

TABLE 4 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency Subcarrier designationrange Spacing FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250 MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

In the present disclosure, the term “cell” may refer to a geographicarea to which one or more nodes provide a communication system, or referto radio resources. A “cell” as a geographic area may be understood ascoverage within which a node can provide service using a carrier and a“cell” as radio resources (e.g., time-frequency resources) is associatedwith bandwidth which is a frequency range configured by the carrier. The“cell” associated with the radio resources is defined by a combinationof downlink resources and uplink resources, for example, a combinationof a DL component carrier (CC) and a UL CC. The cell may be configuredby downlink resources only, or may be configured by downlink resourcesand uplink resources. Since DL coverage, which is a range within whichthe node is capable of transmitting a valid signal, and UL coverage,which is a range within which the node is capable of receiving the validsignal from the UE, depends upon a carrier carrying the signal, thecoverage of the node may be associated with coverage of the “cell” ofradio resources used by the node. Accordingly, the term “cell” may beused to represent service coverage of the node sometimes, radioresources at other times, or a range that signals using the radioresources can reach with valid strength at other times.

In CA, two or more CCs are aggregated. A UE may simultaneously receiveor transmit on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities. CA issupported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA isconfigured, the UE only has one RRC connection with the network. At RRCconnection establishment/re-establishment/handover, one serving cellprovides the NAS mobility information, and at RRC connectionre-establishment/handover, one serving cell provides the security input.This cell is referred to as the primary cell (PCell). The PCell is acell, operating on the primary frequency, in which the UE eitherperforms the initial connection establishment procedure or initiates theconnection re-establishment procedure. Depending on UE capabilities,secondary cells (SCells) can be configured to form together with thePCell a set of serving cells. An SCell is a cell providing additionalradio resources on top of special cell (SpCell). The configured set ofserving cells for a UE therefore always consists of one PCell and one ormore SCells. For dual connectivity (DC) operation, the term SpCellrefers to the PCell of the master cell group (MCG) or the primary SCell(PSCell) of the secondary cell group (SCG). An SpCell supports PUCCHtransmission and contention-based random access, and is alwaysactivated. The MCG is a group of serving cells associated with a masternode, comprised of the SpCell (PCell) and optionally one or more SCells.The SCG is the subset of serving cells associated with a secondary node,comprised of the PSCell and zero or more SCells, for a UE configuredwith DC. For a UE in RRC CONNECTED not configured with CA/DC, there isonly one serving cell comprised of the PCell. For a UE in RRC CONNECTEDconfigured with CA/DC, the term “serving cells” is used to denote theset of cells comprised of the SpCell(s) and all SCells. In DC, two MACentities are configured in a UE: one for the MCG and one for the SCG.

FIG. 9 shows a data flow example in the 3GPP NR system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

Referring to FIG. 9, “RB” denotes a radio bearer, and “H” denotes aheader. Radio bearers are categorized into two groups: DRBs for userplane data and SRBs for control plane data. The MAC PDU istransmitted/received using radio resources through the PHY layer to/froman external device. The MAC PDU arrives to the PHY layer in the form ofa transport block.

In the PHY layer, the uplink transport channels UL-SCH and RACH aremapped to their physical channels PUSCH and PRACH, respectively, and thedownlink transport channels DL-SCH, BCH and PCH are mapped to PDSCH,PBCH and PDSCH, respectively. In the PHY layer, uplink controlinformation (UCI) is mapped to PUCCH, and downlink control information(DCI) is mapped to PDCCH. A MAC PDU related to UL-SCH is transmitted bya UE via a PUSCH based on an UL grant, and a MAC PDU related to DL-SCHis transmitted by a BS via a PDSCH based on a DL assignment.

In order to transmit data unit(s) of the present disclosure on UL-SCH, aUE shall have uplink resources available to the UE. In order to receivedata unit(s) of the present disclosure on DL-SCH, a UE shall havedownlink resources available to the UE. The resource allocation includestime domain resource allocation and frequency domain resourceallocation. In the present disclosure, uplink resource allocation isalso referred to as uplink grant, and downlink resource allocation isalso referred to as downlink assignment. An uplink grant is eitherreceived by the UE dynamically on PDCCH, in a random access response, orconfigured to the UE semi-persistently by RRC. Downlink assignment iseither received by the UE dynamically on the PDCCH, or configured to theUE semi-persistently by RRC signaling from the BS.

In UL, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to UEs via the cellradio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) on PDCCH(s). A UE alwaysmonitors the PDCCH(s) in order to find possible grants for uplinktransmission when its downlink reception is enabled (activity governedby discontinuous reception (DRX) when configured). In addition, withconfigured grants, the BS can allocate uplink resources for the initialHARQ transmissions to UEs. Two types of configured uplink grants aredefined: Type 1 and Type 2. With Type 1, RRC directly provides theconfigured uplink grant (including the periodicity). With Type 2, RRCdefines the periodicity of the configured uplink grant while PDCCHaddressed to configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI) can either signal andactivate the configured uplink grant, or deactivate it. That is, a PDCCHaddressed to CS-RNTI indicates that the uplink grant can be implicitlyreused according to the periodicity defined by RRC, until deactivated.

In DL, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to UEs via the C-RNTIon PDCCH(s). A UE always monitors the PDCCH(s) in order to find possibleassignments when its downlink reception is enabled (activity governed byDRX when configured). In addition, with semi-persistent Scheduling(SPS), the BS can allocate downlink resources for the initial HARQtransmissions to UEs. RRC defines the periodicity of the configureddownlink assignments while PDCCH addressed to CS-RNTI can either signaland activate the configured downlink assignment, or deactivate it. Inother words, a PDCCH addressed to CS-RNTI indicates that the downlinkassignment can be implicitly reused according to the periodicity definedby RRC, until deactivated.

For resource allocation by PDCCH (i.e., resource allocation by DCI),PDCCH can be used to schedule DL transmissions on PDSCH and ULtransmissions on PUSCH, where the DCI on PDCCH includes: downlinkassignments containing at least modulation and coding format (e.g.,modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index I_(MCS)), resource allocation,and hybrid-ARQ information related to DL-SCH; or uplink schedulinggrants containing at least modulation and coding format, resourceallocation, and hybrid-ARQ information related to UL-SCH. The size andusage of the DCI carried by one PDCCH are varied depending on DCIformats. For example, in the 3GPP NR system, DCI format 0_0 or DCIformat 0_1 is used for scheduling of PUSCH in one cell, and DCI format1_0 or DCI format 1_1 is used for scheduling of PDSCH in one cell.

FIG. 10 shows an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation byPDCCH to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.FIG. 11 shows an example of PUSCH time resource allocation by PDCCH towhich implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

DCI carried by a PDCCH for scheduling PDSCH or PUSCH includes a value mfor a row index m+1 to an allocation table for PDSCH or PUSCH. Either apredefined default PDSCH time domain allocation A, B or C is applied asthe allocation table for PDSCH, or RRC configuredpdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table forPDSCH. Either a predefined default PUSCH time domain allocation A isapplied as the allocation table for PUSCH, or the RRC configuredpusch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table forPUSCH. Which PDSCH time domain resource allocation configuration toapply and which PUSCH time domain resource allocation table to apply aredetermined according to a fixed/predefined rule.

Each indexed row in PDSCH time domain allocation configurations definesthe slot offset K₀, the start and length indicator SLIV, or directly thestart symbol S and the allocation length L, and the PDSCH mapping typeto be assumed in the PDSCH reception. Each indexed row in PUSCH timedomain allocation configurations defines the slot offset K₂, the startand length indicator SLIV, or directly the start symbol S and theallocation length L, and the PUSCH mapping type to be assumed in thePUSCH reception. K₀ for PDSCH, or K₂ for PUSCH is the timing differencebetween a slot with a PDCCH and a slot with PDSCH or PUSCH correspondingto the PDCCH. SLIV is a joint indication of starting symbol S relativeto the start of the slot with PDSCH or PUSCH, and the number L ofconsecutive symbols counting from the symbol S. For PDSCH/PUSCH mappingtype, there are two mapping types: one is Mapping Type A wheredemodulation reference signal (DMRS) is positioned in 3^(rd) or 4^(th)symbol of a slot depending on the RRC signaling, and other one isMapping Type B where DMRS is positioned in the first allocated symbol.

The scheduling DCI includes the Frequency domain resource assignmentfield which provides assignment information on resource blocks used forPDSCH or PUSCH. For example, the Frequency domain resource assignmentfield may provide a UE with information on a cell for PDSCH or PUSCHtransmission, information on a bandwidth part for PDSCH or PUSCHtransmission, information on resource blocks for PDSCH or PUSCHtransmission.

For resource allocation by RRC, as mentioned above, in uplink, there aretwo types of transmission without dynamic grant: configured grant Type 1where an uplink grant is provided by RRC, and stored as configuredgrant; and configured grant Type 2 where an uplink grant is provided byPDCCH, and stored or cleared as configured uplink grant based on L1signaling indicating configured uplink grant activation or deactivation.Type 1 and Type 2 are configured by RRC per serving cell and per BWP.Multiple configurations can be active simultaneously only on differentserving cells. For Type 2, activation and deactivation are independentamong the serving cells. For the same serving cell, the MAC entity isconfigured with either Type 1 or Type 2.

A UE is provided with at least the following parameters vian RRCsignaling from a BS when the configured grant type 1 is configured:

-   -   cs-RNTI which is CS-RNTI for retransmission;    -   periodicity which provides periodicity of the configured grant        Type 1; timeDomainOffset which represents offset of a resource        with respect to SFN=0 in time domain;    -   timeDomainAllocation value m which provides a row index m+1        pointing to an allocation table, indicating a combination of a        start symbol S and length L and PUSCH mapping type;    -   frequencyDomainAllocation which provides frequency domain        resource allocation; and    -   mcsAndTBS which provides I_(MCS) representing the modulation        order, target code rate and transport block size. Upon        configuration of a configured grant Type 1 for a serving cell by        RRC, the UE stores the uplink grant provided by RRC as a        configured uplink grant for the indicated serving cell, and        initialize or re-initialise the configured uplink grant to start        in the symbol according to timeDomainOffset and S (derived from        SLIV), and to reoccur with periodicity. After an uplink grant is        configured for a configured grant Type 1, the UE considers that        the uplink grant recurs associated with each symbol for which:        [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame (numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(slot        number in the frame×numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+symbol number in the        slot]=(timeDomainOffset*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+S+N*periodicity)        modulo (1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for        all N>=0.

A UE is provided with at least the following parameters vian RRCsignaling from a BS when the configured gran Type 2 is configured:

-   -   cs-RNTI which is CS-RNTI for activation, deactivation, and        retransmission; and    -   periodicity which provides periodicity of the configured grant        Type 2. The actual uplink grant is provided to the UE by the        PDCCH (addressed to CS-RNTI). After an uplink grant is        configured for a configured grant Type 2, the UE considers that        the uplink grant recurs ssociated with each symbol for which:        [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(slot number        in the frame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+symbol number in the        slot]=[(SFN_(start time)*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+slot_(start time)*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+symbol_(start time))+N*periodicity]        modulo (1024×numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for        all N>=0, where SFN_(start time), slot_(start time), and        symbol_(start time) are the SFN, slot, and symbol, respectively,        of the first transmission opportunity of PUSCH where the        configured uplink grant was (re-)initialised.        numberOfSlotsPerFrame and numberOfSymbolsPerSlot refer to the        number of consecutive slots per frame and the number of        consecutive OFDM symbols per slot, respectively.

For downlink, a UE may be configured with SPS per serving cell and perBWP by RRC signaling from a BS. Multiple configurations can be activesimultaneously only on different serving cells. Activation anddeactivation of the DL SPS are independent among the serving cells. ForDL SPS, a DL assignment is provided to the UE by PDCCH, and stored orcleared based on L1 signaling indicating SPS activation or deactivation.A UE is provided with the following parameters vian RRC signaling from aBS when SPS is configured:

-   -   cs-RNTI which is CS-RNTI for activation, deactivation, and        retransmission;    -   nrofHARQ-Processes: which provides the number of configured HARQ        processes for SPS;    -   periodicity which provides periodicity of configured downlink        assignment for SPS. When SPS is released by upper layers, all        the corresponding configurations shall be released.

After a downlink assignment is configured for SPS, the UE considerssequentially that the N^(th) downlink assignment occurs in the slot forwhich: (numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN+slot number in theframe)=[(numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN_(start time)+slot_(start time))+N*periodicity*numberOfSlotsPerFrame/10]modulo (1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame), where SFN_(start time) andslot_(start time) are the SFN and slot, respectively, of the firsttransmission of PDSCH where the configured downlink assignment was(re-)initialized.

A UE validates, for scheduling activation or scheduling release, a DLSPS assignment PDCCH or configured UL grant type 2 PDCCH if the cyclicredundancy check (CRC) of a corresponding DCI format is scrambled withCS-RNTI provided by the RRC parameter cs-RNTI and the new data indicatorfield for the enabled transport block is set to 0. Validation of the DCIformat is achieved if all fields for the DCI format are set according toTable 5 or Table 6 below. Table 5 shows special fields for DL SPS and ULgrant Type 2 scheduling activation PDCCH validation, and Table 6 showsspecial fields for DL SPS and UL grant Type 2 scheduling release PDCCHvalidation.

TABLE 5 DCI format 0_0/0_1 DCI format 1_0 DCI format 1_1 HARQ set to all‘0’s set to all ‘0’s set to all ‘0’s process number Redundancy set to‘00’ set to ‘00’ For the enabled version transport block: set to ‘00’

TABLE 6 DCI format 0_0 DCI format 1_0 HARQ process number set to all‘0’s set to all ‘0’s Redundancy version set to ‘00’ set to ‘00’Modulation and coding scheme set to all ‘1’s set to all ‘1’s Resourceblock assignment set to all ‘1’s set to all ‘1’s

Actual DL assignment and actual UL grant, and the correspondingmodulation and coding scheme are provided by the resource assignmentfields (e.g., time domain resource assignment field which provides Timedomain resource assignment value m, frequency domain resource assignmentfield which provides the frequency resource block allocation, modulationand coding scheme field) in the DCI format carried by the DL SPS and ULgrant Type 2 scheduling activation PDCCH. If validation is achieved, theUE considers the information in the DCI format as valid activation orvalid release of DL SPS or configured UL grant Type 2.

The data unit(s) of the present disclosure is(are) subject to thephysical layer processing at a transmitting side before transmission viaradio interface, and the radio signals carrying the data unit(s) of thepresent disclosure are subject to the physical layer processing at areceiving side.

FIG. 12 shows an example of physical layer processing at a transmittingside to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The following tables show the mapping of the transport channels andcontrol information to its corresponding physical channels. Inparticular, Table 7 specifies the mapping of the uplink transportchannels to their corresponding physical channels, Table 8 specifies themapping of the uplink control channel information to its correspondingphysical channel, Table 9 specifies the mapping of the downlinktransport channels to their corresponding physical channels, and Table10 specifies the mapping of the downlink control channel information toits corresponding physical channel.

TABLE 7 Transport Channel Physical Channel UL-SCH PUSCH RACH PRACH

TABLE 8 Control information Physical Channel UCI PUCCH, PUSCH

TABLE 9 Transport Channel Physical Channel DL-SCH PDSCH BCH PBCH PCHPDSCH

TABLE 10 Control information Physical Channel DCI PDCCH

Each step of FIG. 12 is described below in detail.

1) Encoding

Data and control streams from/to MAC layer are encoded to offertransport and control services over the radio transmission link in thePHY layer. For example, a transport block from MAC layer is encoded intoa codeword at a transmitting side. Channel coding scheme is acombination of error detection, error correcting, rate matching,interleaving and transport channel or control information mappingonto/splitting from physical channels.

In the NR LTE system, following channel coding schemes are used for thedifferent types of transport channels and the different controlinformation types. Table 11 specifies the mapping of transport channelsto respective coding scheme. Table 12 specifies the mapping of controlinformation to respective coding scheme.

TABLE 11 Transport Channel Coding scheme UL-SCH Low density parity checkDL-SCH (LDPC) code PCH BCH Polar code

TABLE 12 Control Information Coding scheme DCI Polar code UCI Block codePolar code

For transmission of a DL transport block (i.e., a DL MAC PDU) or a ULtransport block (i.e., a UL MAC PDU), a transport block CRC sequence isattached to provide error detection for a receiving side. In the 3GPP NRsystem, the communication device uses LDPC codes in encoding/decodingUL-SCH and DL-SCH. The 3GPP NR system supports two LDPC base graphs(i.e., two LDPC base matrixes): LDPC base graph 1 optimized for smalltransport blocks and LDPC base graph 2 for larger transport blocks.Either LDPC base graph 1 or 2 is selected based on the size of thetransport block and coding rate R. The coding rate R is indicated by theMCS index I_(MCS). The MCS index is dynamically provided to a UE byPDCCH scheduling PUSCH or PDSCH, provided to a UE by PDCCH activating or(re-)initializing the UL configured grant 2 or DL SPS, or provided to aUE by RRC signaling related to the UL configured grant Type 1. If theCRC attached transport block is larger than the maximum code block sizefor the selected LDPC base graph, the CRC attached transport block maybe segmented into code blocks, and an additional CRC sequence isattached to each code block. The maximum code block sizes for the LDPCbase graph 1 and the LDPC base graph 2 are 8448 bits and 3480 bits,respectively. If the CRC attached transport block is not larger than themaximum code block size for the selected LDPC base graph, the CRCattached transport block is encoded with the selected LDPC base graph.Each code block of the transport block is encoded with the selected LDPCbase graph. The LDPC coded blocks are then individually rat matched.Code block concatenation is performed to create a codeword fortransmission on PDSCH or PUSCH. For PDSCH, up to 2 codewords (i.e., upto 2 transport blocks) can be transmitted simultaneously on the PDSCH.PUSCH can be used for transmission of UL-SCH data and layer 1/2 controlinformation.

Although not shown in FIG. 12, the layer 1/2 control information may bemultiplexed with the codeword for UL-SCH data.

2) Scrambling and Modulation

The bits of the codeword are scrambled and modulated to generate a blockof complex-valued modulation symbols.

3) Layer Mapping

The complex-valued modulation symbols of the codeword are mapped to oneor more multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layers. A codeword can bemapped to up to 4 layers. A PDSCH can carry two codewords, and thus aPDSCH can support up to 8-layer transmission. A PUSCH supports a singlecodeword, and thus a PUSCH can support up to 4-layer transmission.

4) Transform Precoding

The DL transmission waveform is conventional OFDM using a cyclic prefix(CP). For DL, transform precoding (in other words, DFT) is not applied.

The UL transmission waveform is conventional OFDM using a CP with atransform precoding function performing DFT spreading that can bedisabled or enabled. In the 3GPP NR system, for UL, the transformprecoding can be optionally applied if enabled. The transform precodingis to spread UL data in a special way to reduce peak-to-average powerratio (PAPR) of the waveform. The transform precoding is a form of DFT.In other words, the 3GPP NR system supports two options for UL waveform:one is CP-OFDM (same as DL waveform) and the other one is DFT-s-OFDM.Whether a UE has to use CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM is determined by a BS vianRRC parameters.

5) Subcarrier Mapping

The layers are mapped to antenna ports. In DL, for the layers to antennaports mapping, a transparent manner (non-codebook based) mapping issupported and how beamforming or MIMO precoding is performed istransparent to the UE. In UL, for the layers to antenna ports mapping,both the non-codebook based mapping and a codebook based mapping aresupported. For each antenna port (i.e., layer) used for transmission ofthe physical channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH), the complex-valued modulationsymbols are mapped to subcarriers in resource blocks allocated to thephysical channel.

6) OFDM Modulation

The communication device at the transmitting side generates atime-continuous OFDM baseband signal on antenna port p and subcarrierspacing configuration u for OFDM symbol l in a TTI for a physicalchannel by adding a CP and performing inverse fast Fourier transform(IFFT). For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device atthe transmitting side may perform IFFT on the complex-valued modulationsymbols mapped to resource blocks in the corresponding OFDM symbol andadd a CP to the IFFT-ed signal to generate the OFDM baseband signal.

7) Up-Conversion

The communication device at the transmitting side up-convers the OFDMbaseband signal for antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration uand OFDM symbol to a carrier frequency f₀ of a cell to which thephysical channel is assigned.

The processor 102, 202 in FIG. 2, the processor included in thecommunication unit 112 and/or the control unit 120 in FIG. 3, theprocessor 102, 202 in FIG. 4 and/or the processor 102 in FIG. 5 may beconfigured to perform encoding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping,transform precoding (for UL), subcarrier mapping, and OFDM modulation.The processor 102, 202 in FIG. 2, the processor included in thecommunication unit 112 and/or the control unit 120 in FIG. 3, theprocessor 102, 202 in FIG. 4 and/or the processor 102 in FIG. 5 maycontrol the transceiver 106, 206 in FIG. 2, the transceiver 114 in FIG.3, the transceiver 106, 206 in FIG. 4 and/or the transceiver 106 in FIG.5 to up-convert the OFDM baseband signal onto the carrier frequency togenerate radio frequency (RF) signals. The radio frequency signals aretransmitted through antennas to an external device.

FIG. 13 shows an example of physical layer processing at a receivingside to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The physical layer processing at the receiving side is basically theinverse processing of the physical layer processing at the transmittingside. Each step of FIG. 13 is described below in detail.

1) Frequency Down-Conversion

The communication device at a receiving side receives RF signals at acarrier frequency through antennas. The transceiver 106, 206 in FIG. 2,the transceiver 114 in FIG. 3, the transceiver 106, 206 in FIG. 4 and/orthe transceiver 106 in FIG. 5 receiving the RF signals at the carrierfrequency down-converts the carrier frequency of the RF signals into thebaseband in order to obtain OFDM baseband signals.

2) OFDM Demodulation

The communication device at the receiving side obtains complex-valuedmodulation symbols via CP detachment and FFT. For example, for each OFDMsymbol, the communication device at the receiving side removes a CP fromthe OFDM baseband signals and performs FFT on the CP-removed OFDMbaseband signals to obtain complex-valued modulation symbols for antennaport p, subcarrier spacing u and OFDM symbol l.

3) Subcarrier De-Mapping

The subcarrier de-mapping is performed on the complex-valued modulationsymbols to obtain complex-valued modulation symbols of a correspondingphysical channel. For example, the UE processor may obtaincomplex-valued modulation symbols mapped to subcarriers belong to PDSCHfrom among complex-valued modulation symbols received in a bandwidthpart.

4) Transform De-Precoding

Transform de-precoding (e.g., inverse DFT (IDFT)) is performed on thecomplex-valued modulation symbols of the uplink physical channel if thetransform precoding has been enabled for the uplink physical channel.For the downlink physical channel and for the uplink physical channelfor which the transform precoding has been disabled, the transformde-precoding is not performed.

5) Layer De-Mapping.

The complex-valued modulation symbols are de-mapped into one or twocodewords.

6) Demodulation and De-Scrambling

The complex-valued modulation symbols of a codeword are demodulated anddescrambled into bits of the codeword.

7) Decoding

The codeword is decoded into a transport block. For UL-SCH and DL-SCH,either LDPC base graph 1 or 2 is selected based on the size of thetransport block and coding rate R. The codeword may include one ormultiple coded blocks. Each coded block is decoded with the selectedLDPC base graph into a CRC-attached code block or CRC-attached transportblock. If code block segmentation was performed on a CRC-attachedtransport block at the transmitting side, a CRC sequence is removed fromeach of CRC-attached code blocks, whereby code blocks are obtained. Thecode blocks are concatenated into a CRC-attached transport block. Thetransport block CRC sequence is removed from the CRC-attached transportblock, whereby the transport block is obtained. The transport block isdelivered to the MAC layer.

In the above described physical layer processing at the transmitting andreceiving sides, the time and frequency domain resources (e.g., OFDMsymbol, subcarriers, carrier frequency) related to subcarrier mapping,OFDM modulation and frequency up/down conversion can be determined basedon the resource allocation (e.g., UL grant, DL assignment).

Meanwhile, dedicated preconfigured uplink resource (D-PUR) in IDLE modeis supported for bandwidth-reduced low-complexity (BL) UEs or narrowbandinternet-of-things (NB-IoT) UEs. The objective of D-PUR is to improvetransmission efficiency and power consumption for resource configurationby pre-allocating UL resources for data transmission whose trafficpattern is predictable. As the name suggests, D-PUR is designed for ULtransmission.

Some of IoT applications require feedback on the UL data reporting. Inother words, the applications require DL transmission for the associatedUL transmission.

Therefore, studies for preconfigured downlink resource (PDR) associateduplink transmissions would be required. Furthermore, studies for PDR inresponse to any types of UL transmission, not only to D-PUR, would berequired.

Hereinafter, a method and apparatus for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, will bedescribed with reference to the following drawings.

The following drawings are created to explain specific embodiments ofthe present disclosure. The names of the specific devices or the namesof the specific signals/messages/fields shown in the drawings areprovided by way of example, and thus the technical features of thepresent disclosure are not limited to the specific names used in thefollowing drawings. Herein, a wireless device may be referred to as auser equipment (UE).

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE mayreceive downlink (DL) data using preconfigured DL resource (PDR). The UEcan send DL traffic pattern information to the network so that thenetwork configures DL resources for the UE. In addition, the UE mayindicate that DL data transmission subsequent to the UL datatransmission is expected. The network can configure PDR for eitherdedicated or shared resources.

Use cases of PDR are not limited to receive DL feedback for theassociated UL data transmission(s). PDR can be used for DL controlinformation or independent DL data transmission.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular,FIG. 14 shows a method performed by a wireless device in a wirelesscommunication system.

In step 1401, a wireless device may transmit, to a network, a firstmessage to request downlink resource for downlink transmission. Thefirst message may include traffic pattern information for the downlinktransmission. For example, the first message may be a preconfigureddownlink resource (PDR) request message.

For example, the first message may include uplink information for uplinktransmission. The uplink information may include at least one of size ofuplink data, periodicity of the uplink transmission, and/or duration ofthe uplink transmission. The uplink data is transmitted through theuplink transmission.

For example, the traffic pattern information may include at least one ofsize of downlink data, expected time of the downlink transmission,latency budget of the downlink transmission, periodicity of the downlinktransmission, and/or duration of the downlink transmission. The downlinkdata may be received through the downlink transmission.

For example, the traffic pattern information may include number ofuplink resource between two consecutive resource blocks of the downlinkresource. In other words, the traffic pattern information may includenumber of the uplink resource between two consecutive resources of thedownlink resource.

For example, the traffic pattern information may include expectedinterval for the downlink transmission after the uplink transmission.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the firstmessage may include an indication for requesting the downlink resource.For example, a wireless device may transmit, to a network, an indicationto request the downlink resource instead of the first message. In thiscase, the network may already have the traffic pattern information forthe wireless device. The wireless device may only transmit, to thenetwork, the indication to request the downlink resource, without thetraffic pattern information.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the downlinkresource may be configured to receive the downlink transmission at aspecific time. For example, the wireless device may receive the downlinktransmission using the PDR at a specific time (for example, at the sametime every day). For example, the downlink resource may be configured toreceive the downlink transmission independent from uplink transmission.

In step 1402, a wireless device may receive, from the network, aconfiguration for the downlink resource.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a wirelessdevice may receive, from the network, a configuration for an uplinkresource for uplink transmission. In addition, a wireless device mayperform the uplink transmission based on the uplink resource. Forexample, the configuration for the downlink resource is related to theuplink resource and the traffic pattern information for the downlinktransmission.

For example, the configuration for the uplink resource is transmittedtogether with the configuration for the downlink resource. For otherexample, the configuration for the uplink resource is transmittedseparately from the configuration for the downlink resource.

For example, the uplink resource may include at least one ofpreconfigured dedicated resource, preconfigured shared resource, dynamicresource, and/or dynamic resource for early data transmission.

In step 1403, a wireless device may receive the downlink transmissionbased on the downlink resource. For example, a wireless device maymonitor the downlink resource to receive downlink data through thedownlink transmission.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a wirelessdevice is in communication with at least one of a user equipment, anetwork, or an autonomous vehicle other than the wireless device.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular,FIG. 15 shows a method for receiving downlink (DL) data usingpreconfigured downlink resources performed by a wireless device in awireless communication system.

In step 1501, UE may receive traffic pattern information from upperlayers. Upper layers of UE may inform AS layer of the traffic patterninformation. For example, traffic pattern information may include NASRelease assistance indication. For example, traffic pattern informationmay include that DL feedback for every 10 UL reports is expected.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, UE may read SIM(Subscriber Identity Module) to learn traffic pattern information.

In step 1502, UE may receive broadcast message indicating the cellsupports preconfigured resource allocation.

In step 1503, UE may send the PDR request message to the network. Forexample, the PDR request message may include at least one of anindication for DL transmission, DL traffic information, and/or ULinformation.

The indication may indicate that the UE is expected to receive DLtransmission for the associated UL transmission(s).

The DL traffic information may include DL data size. The DL trafficinformation may include number of UL transmissions between twoconsecutive DL resources (for example, One DL feedback for 10 UL datareports). The DL traffic information may include expected DL receptiontime (for example, absolute time such as Monday 12:00, startRadioFrame,or startSubFrame). The DL traffic information may include expected DLreception interval after UL transmission (for example, DL transmissionis expected after m seconds or n subframes of UL transmission). The DLtraffic information may include periodicity indicator (for example,whether DL transmission is on-demand or not). The DL traffic informationmay include periodicity of the DL transmission (for example, every i ULtransmission, every j hours, etc.). The DL traffic information mayinclude duration of the DL transmission (for example, how long the DLresource is available). The DL traffic information may include latencybudget for DL feedback (for example, DL transmission is expected inmaximum x seconds or y subframes, for example. maximum waiting time).

In other words, the DL traffic information may include at least one ofDL data size, number of UL transmissions between two consecutive DLresources, expected DL reception time, expected DL reception intervalafter UL transmission, periodicity indicator, periodicity of the DLtransmission, duration of the DL transmission, and/or latency budget forDL feedback.

The UL information may include at least one of UL data size, periodicityof the UL transmission, and/or duration of the UL transmission (forexample, how long the UL resource is available).

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE may sendthe PDR request message including DL traffic information with or withoutUL information.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE may sendthe PDR request message for resource reconfiguration after the UE hasreceived preconfigured resource configuration.

Alternatively, in step 1503, if the network has the DL trafficinformation as preconfigured information, the UE may send the indicationthat the UE supports preconfigured resource configuration to thenetwork.

In step 1504, UE may receive preconfigured DL resource configurationfrom the network.

For example, UE may receive PDR configuration with or without ULresource configuration. The PDR configuration may be received togetherwith the PUR configuration. Otherwise, the PDR configuration may bereceived separately from the PUR configuration.

For example, PDR configuration may be for either dedicated resourceallocation or shared resource allocation.

For example, UE may receive PDR configuration with one or moresignalling. For example, UE may receive PDR configuration with separatemessages or separate signalling (for example, the network may configurePeriodicity and Duration via RRC signalling, and DL grant via DCIinformation). For example, UE may receive PDR configuration viadedicated signalling. For example, UE may receive PDR configurationduring the associated UL transmission procedure (for example, thenetwork may configure PDR in MAC CE when the network sends HARQ feedbackon UL transmission).

For example, the PDR configuration may include DL traffic information.For example, the DL traffic information may include at least one of DLgrant, DL reception time (for example, absolute time such as Monday12:00, startRadioFrame, startSubFrame), duration (for example, how longthe DL resource is available), periodicity, and etc.

In step 1504, UE may transmit UL data to the network. For example, UEmay transmit UL data based on at least one of preconfigured dedicatedresource, preconfigured shared resource, dynamic resource, dynamicresource for early data transmission, or etc.

For example, UE may transmit one or more UL data before the UE receivesDL feedback.

In step 1506: UE receives DL transmission using preconfigured DLresource.

For example, UE may monitor the preconfigured DL resources usingpreconfigured resource information to check DL feedback for theassociated UL transmission(s).

For example, UE may monitor the preconfigured DL resources usingpreconfigured resource information to receive control information fromthe network.

For example, UE may monitor the preconfigured DL resources to receive DLdata transmission.

For example, timing advance command (TAC) MAC CE may be receivedtogether with the DL transmission.

In step 1507, UE may inform the DL feedback to the upper layer.

For example, if the DL feedback indicates UL transmission failure andRRC, PDCP or MAC layer of UE intends to retransmit the UL transmission,UE may inform the transmission result to upper layers of UE after the ASretransmission procedure ends. Upon reception of the result, the upperlayers of UE may determine whether or not to attempt retransmission.

For other example, if there is a UL grant which is not scheduled for ULtransmission, AS layer may perform retransmission by using the UL grant.

FIG. 16 shows an example of a method for downlink transmission usingpreconfigured downlink resource in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular,FIG. 16 shows a method for transmitting DL data using preconfigured DLresources performed by a base station (BS) in a wireless communicationsystem.

For example, a base station may receive, from a wireless device, amessage to request downlink resource for downlink transmission. Themessage may include traffic pattern information for the downlinktransmission.

For example, a base station may transmit, to the wireless device, aconfiguration for the downlink resource. For example, a base station maytransmit, to the wireless device, a configuration for an uplink resourcefor uplink transmission. A base station may receive the uplinktransmission based on the uplink resource.

In this case, the configuration for the downlink resource may be relatedto the uplink resource and the traffic pattern information for thedownlink transmission. For example, the traffic information includesnumber of the uplink resource between two consecutive resource blocks ofthe downlink resource.

For example, a base station may perform the downlink transmission basedon the downlink resource.

Referring to FIG. 16, in step 1601, BS may transmit broadcast messageindicating a cell supports preconfigured resource allocation. Forexample, the cell may be supported by the BS.

In step 1602, BS may receive the PDR request message from the UE. ThePDR request message may include at least one of an indication for DLtransmission, DL traffic information, and/or UL information.

The indication may indicate that UE is expected to receive DLtransmission for the associated UL transmission(s).

The DL traffic information may include at least one of DL data size,number of UL transmissions between two consecutive DL resources (forexample, one DL feedback for 10 UL data reports), expected DL receptiontime (for example, absolute time such as Monday 12:00, startRadioFrame,startSubFrame), expected DL reception interval after UL transmission(for example, DL transmission is expected after m seconds or n subframesof UL transmission), periodicity indicator (for example. whether DLtransmission is on-demand or not), periodicity (for example, every i ULtransmission, every j hours, etc.), duration (for example, how long theDL resource is available), latency budget for DL feedback (for example,DL transmission is expected in maximum x seconds or y subframes, forexample maximum waiting time).

UL information may include at least one of UL data size, periodicity, orduration (for example, how long the UL resource is available).

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, UE may send thePDR request message including DL traffic information with or without ULinformation.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, UE may send thePDR request message for resource reconfiguration after the UE hasreceived preconfigured resource configuration.

Alternatively, in step 1602, if the BS has the DL traffic information aspreconfigured information, the BS may receive the indication that the UEsupports preconfigured resource configuration to the network.

In step 1603, BS may transmit preconfigured DL resource configuration toUE.

For example, BS may transmit PDR configuration with or without ULresource configuration. The PDR configuration may be transmittedtogether with the PUR configuration and/or may be transmitted separatelyfrom the PUR configuration.

For example, PDR configuration may be for either dedicated resourceallocation or shared resource allocation.

For example, BS may transmit PDR configuration with one or moresignalling.

For example, BS may transmit PDR configuration with separate messages orseparate signalling (for example, the BS may configure Periodicity andDuration via RRC signalling, and DL grant via DCI information).

For example, BS may transmit PDR configuration via dedicated signalling.

For example, BS may transmit PDR configuration during the associated ULtransmission procedure (for example, the network may configure PDR inMAC CE when the network sends HARQ feedback on UL transmission).

For example, the PDR configuration may include DL traffic information.For example, the DL traffic information may include at least one of DLgrant, DL reception time (for example, absolute time such as Monday12:00, startRadioFrame, startSubFrame), duration (for example, how longthe DL resource is available), periodicity, or etc.

In step 1604, BS may receive UL data.

For example, BS may receive UL data based on at least one ofpreconfigured dedicated resource, preconfigured shared resource, dynamicresource, dynamic resource for early data transmission, or etc.

For example, BS may receive one or more UL data from UE before the BStransmits DL feedback to UE.

In step 1605, BS may transmit DL transmission using preconfigured DLresource.

For example, timing advance command (TAC) MAC CE may be transmittedtogether with the DL transmission.

The present disclosure can have various advantageous effects.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure described withreference to FIGS. 14 and 16, a wireless device could receive downlinkdata using preconfigured downlink resource (PDR) in a wirelesscommunication system.

For example, UE could reduce the effort to monitor the DL resource. Forcertain types of UEs such as IoT devices, types of DL data are limited.For example, the network may send feedback subsequent to UL reporting orcontrol information for UE operations. If UE can monitor DL resourcesonly at the expected time and duration with periodicity, UE does notneed to regularly monitor DL resources to check whether the UE would beexpected to receive DL transmission or not.

In addition, UE can save power consumption by using preconfigured DLresource.

Advantageous effects which can be obtained through specific embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited to the advantageous effectslisted above. For example, there may be a variety of technical effectsthat a person having ordinary skill in the related art can understandand/or derive from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the specificeffects of the present disclosure are not limited to those explicitlydescribed herein, but may include various effects that may be understoodor derived from the technical features of the present disclosure.

Claims in the present disclosure can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present disclosurecan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod. Other implementations are within the scope of the followingclaims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method performed by a wireless device in awireless communication system, the method comprising, transmitting, to anetwork, a message to request downlink resource for downlinktransmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern informationfor the downlink transmission; receiving, from the network, aconfiguration for the downlink resource; and receiving the downlinktransmission based on the downlink resource.
 2. The method of claim 1,wherein the traffic pattern information includes at least one of size ofdownlink data, expected time of the downlink transmission, latencybudget of the downlink transmission, periodicity of the downlinktransmission, and/or duration of the downlink transmission, wherein thedownlink data is received through the downlink transmission.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises, receiving, fromthe network, a configuration for an uplink resource for uplinktransmission; and performing the uplink transmission based on the uplinkresource, wherein the configuration for the downlink resource is relatedto the uplink resource and the traffic pattern information for thedownlink transmission.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein theconfiguration for the uplink resource is transmitted together with theconfiguration for the downlink resource.
 5. The method of claim 3,wherein the traffic pattern information includes number of the uplinkresource between two consecutive resources of the downlink resource. 6.The method of claim 3, wherein the traffic pattern information includesexpected interval for the downlink transmission after the uplinktransmission.
 7. The method of claim 3, wherein the message furtherincludes uplink information for the uplink transmission.
 8. The methodof claim 7, wherein the uplink information includes at least one of sizeof uplink data, periodicity of the uplink transmission, and/or durationof the uplink transmission, wherein the uplink data is transmittedthrough the uplink transmission.
 9. The method of claim 3, wherein theuplink resource includes at least one of preconfigured dedicatedresource, preconfigured shared resource, dynamic resource, and/ordynamic resource for early data transmission.
 10. The method of claim 1,wherein the message includes an indication to request the downlinkresource.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the downlink resource isconfigured to receive the downlink transmission at a specific time. 12.The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving the downlink transmissionfurther comprises, monitoring the downlink resource to receive downlinkdata through the downlink transmission.
 13. The method of claim 1,wherein the wireless device is in communication with at least one of auser equipment, a network, or an autonomous vehicle other than thewireless device.
 14. A method performed by a base station in a wirelesscommunication system, the method comprising, receiving, from a wirelessdevice, a message to request downlink resource for downlinktransmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern informationfor the downlink transmission; transmitting, to the wireless device, aconfiguration for the downlink resource; and performing the downlinktransmission based on the downlink resource.
 15. The method of claim 14,wherein the method further comprises, transmitting, to the wirelessdevice, a configuration for an uplink resource for uplink transmission;and receiving the uplink transmission based on the uplink resource,wherein the configuration for the downlink resource is related to theuplink resource and the traffic pattern information for the downlinktransmission.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the traffic patterninformation includes number of the uplink resource between twoconsecutive resources of the downlink resource.
 17. A wireless device ina wireless communication system comprising: a transceiver; a memory; andat least one processor operatively coupled to the transceiver and thememory, and configured to: control the transceiver to transmit, to anetwork, a message to request downlink resource for downlinktransmission, wherein the message includes traffic pattern informationfor the downlink transmission; control the transceiver to receive, fromthe network, a configuration for the downlink resource; and control thetransceiver to receive the downlink transmission based on the downlinkresource.